CPAN est un ensemble de modules pour perl qui permettent de faire beaucoup de choses interessantes. Vous pouvez avoir un petit listing des modules disponibles sur
. Pour installation de tous les modules CPAN, il existe un module perl qui peut les installer tous. On va commencer par l'installer, puis on va le configurer pour enfin installer les autres modules.
[root@ns370 root]#
mkdir /temp
[root@ns370 root]#
cd /temp
[root@ns370 temp]#
wget http://cpan.mirror.fr/authors/id/A/AN/ANDK//CPAN-1.76.tar.gz
22:04:33
http://cpan.mirror.fr/authors/id/A/AN/ANDK//CPAN-1.76.tar.gz
=> `CPAN-1.76.tar.gz'
Connexion vers mir2.ovh.net:80...Connecté!
requête HTTP transmise, en attente de la réponse...200 OK
Longueur: 135,191 [application/x-tar]
0K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 37% @ 6.98 MB/s
50K .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... 75% @ 2.71 MB/s
100K .......... .......... .......... .. 100% @ 2.61 MB/s
22:04:33 (3.48 MB/s) - `CPAN-1.76.tar.gz' sauvegardé [135191/135191]
[root@ns370 temp]#
tar xvfz CPAN-1.76.tar.gz
CPAN-1.76/
CPAN-1.76/lib/
CPAN-1.76/lib/CPAN.pm
CPAN-1.76/lib/CPAN/
CPAN-1.76/lib/CPAN/Admin.pm
CPAN-1.76/lib/CPAN/Nox.pm
CPAN-1.76/lib/CPAN/FirstTime.pm
CPAN-1.76/lib/Bundle/
CPAN-1.76/lib/Bundle/CPAN.pm
CPAN-1.76/t/
CPAN-1.76/t/loadme.t
CPAN-1.76/t/vcmp.t
CPAN-1.76/t/signature.t
CPAN-1.76/t/mirroredby.t
CPAN-1.76/t/Nox.t
CPAN-1.76/PAUSE2003.pub
CPAN-1.76/MANIFEST
CPAN-1.76/MANIFEST.SKIP
CPAN-1.76/scripts/
CPAN-1.76/scripts/cpan
CPAN-1.76/META.yml
CPAN-1.76/BUNDLE/
CPAN-1.76/BUNDLE/Test/
CPAN-1.76/BUNDLE/Test/Builder.pm
CPAN-1.76/BUNDLE/Test/More.pm
CPAN-1.76/Todo
CPAN-1.76/ChangeLog
CPAN-1.76/Changes.old
CPAN-1.76/Makefile.PL
CPAN-1.76/README
CPAN-1.76/SIGNATURE
[root@ns370 temp]# cd CPAN-1.76
[root@ns370 CPAN-1.76]# red:perl Makefile.PL
Checking if your kit is complete...
Looks good
Warning: prerequisite Test::More failed to load: Can't locate Test/More.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0/i386-linux /usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.6.0/i386-linux /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.6.0 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl .) at (eval 4) line 3.
Writing Makefile for CPAN
[root@ns370 CPAN-1.76]# make install
mkdir blib
mkdir blib/lib
mkdir blib/arch
mkdir blib/arch/auto
mkdir blib/arch/auto/CPAN
mkdir blib/lib/auto
mkdir blib/lib/auto/CPAN
mkdir blib/man1
mkdir blib/man3
cp lib/CPAN/Nox.pm blib/lib/CPAN/Nox.pm
cp lib/Bundle/CPAN.pm blib/lib/Bundle/CPAN.pm
cp lib/CPAN/Admin.pm blib/lib/CPAN/Admin.pm
cp lib/CPAN.pm blib/lib/CPAN.pm
cp lib/CPAN/FirstTime.pm blib/lib/CPAN/FirstTime.pm
mkdir blib/script
cp scripts/cpan blib/script/cpan
/usr/bin/perl -I/usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0/i386-linux -I/usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0 -MExtUtils::MakeMaker -e "MY->fixin(shift)" blib/script/cpan
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::Nox.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/Bundle::CPAN.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::Admin.3pm
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN.3pm
Manifying blib/man1/cpan.1
Manifying blib/man3/CPAN::FirstTime.3pm
Installing /usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0/CPAN.pm
Installing /usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0/Bundle/CPAN.pm
Installing /usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0/CPAN/Nox.pm
Installing /usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0/CPAN/Admin.pm
Installing /usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0/CPAN/FirstTime.pm
Installing /usr/share/man/man1/cpan.1
Installing /usr/share/man/man3/CPAN::Nox.3pm
Installing /usr/share/man/man3/Bundle::CPAN.3pm
Installing /usr/share/man/man3/CPAN::Admin.3pm
Installing /usr/share/man/man3/CPAN.3pm
Installing /usr/share/man/man3/CPAN::FirstTime.3pm
Installing /usr/bin/cpan
Writing /usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0/i386-linux/auto/CPAN/.packlist
Appending installation info to /usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0/i386-linux/perllocal.pod
[root@ns370 CPAN-1.76]#
Passons à sa configuration, il suffit de repondre entrée à toutes les questions, puis choisir le miroir chez OVH (puisque nous sommes l'un des 11 miroirs officiels en France de CPAN).
[root@ns370 CPAN-1.76]# perl -MCPAN -e shell;
/usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0/CPAN/Config.pm initialized.
CPAN is the world-wide archive of perl resources. It consists of about
100 sites that all replicate the same contents all around the globe.
Many countries have at least one CPAN site already. The resources
found on CPAN are easily accessible with the CPAN.pm module. If you
want to use CPAN.pm, you have to configure it properly.
If you do not want to enter a dialog now, you can answer 'no' to this
question and I'll try to autoconfigure. (Note: you can revisit this
dialog anytime later by typing 'o conf init' at the cpan prompt.)
Are you ready for manual configuration? [yes] entrée
The following questions are intended to help you with the
configuration. The CPAN module needs a directory of its own to cache
important index files and maybe keep a temporary mirror of CPAN files.
This may be a site-wide directory or a personal directory.
First of all, I'd like to create this directory. Where?
CPAN build and cache directory? [/root/.cpan] entrée
If you want, I can keep the source files after a build in the cpan
home directory. If you choose so then future builds will take the
files from there. If you don't want to keep them, answer 0 to the
next question.
How big should the disk cache be for keeping the build directories
with all the intermediate files?
Cache size for build directory (in MB)? [10] entrée
By default, each time the CPAN module is started, cache scanning
is performed to keep the cache size in sync. To prevent from this,
disable the cache scanning with 'never'.
Perform cache scanning (atstart or never)? [atstart] entrée
To considerably speed up the initial CPAN shell startup, it is
possible to use Storable to create a cache of metadata. If Storable
is not available, the normal index mechanism will be used.
Cache metadata (yes/no)? [yes] entrée
The next option deals with the charset your terminal supports. In
general CPAN is English speaking territory, thus the charset does not
matter much, but some of the aliens out there who upload their
software to CPAN bear names that are outside the ASCII range. If your
terminal supports UTF-8, you say no to the next question, if it
supports ISO-8859-1 (also known as LATIN1) then you say yes, and if it
supports neither nor, your answer does not matter, you will not be
able to read the names of some authors anyway. If you answer no, names
will be output in UTF-8.
Your terminal expects ISO-8859-1 (yes/no)? [yes]
entrée
If you have one of the readline packages (Term
ReadLine
Perl,
Term
ReadLine
Gnu, possibly others) installed, the interactive CPAN
shell will have history support. The next two questions deal with the
filename of the history file and with its size. If you do not want to
set this variable, please hit SPACE RETURN to the following question.
File to save your history? [/root/.cpan/histfile]
entrée
Number of lines to save? [100] entrée
The CPAN module can detect when a module that which you are trying to
build depends on prerequisites. If this happens, it can build the
prerequisites for you automatically ('follow'), ask you for
confirmation ('ask'), or just ignore them ('ignore'). Please set your
policy to one of the three values.
Policy on building prerequisites (follow, ask or ignore)? [ask]entrée
The CPAN module will need a few external programs to work properly.
Please correct me, if I guess the wrong path for a program. Don't
panic if you do not have some of them, just press ENTER for those. To
disable the use of a download program, you can type a space followed
by ENTER.
Where is your gzip program? [/bin/gzip] entrée
Where is your tar program? [/bin/tar] entrée
Warning: unzip not found in PATH entrée
Where is your unzip program? [] entrée
Where is your make program? [/usr/bin/make] entrée
Where is your lynx program? [/usr/bin/lynx] entrée
Where is your wget program? [/usr/bin/wget] entrée
Where is your ncftpget program? [/usr/bin/ncftpget] entrée
Where is your ftp program? [/usr/bin/ftp] entrée
What is your favorite pager program? [/usr/bin/less] entrée
What is your favorite shell? [/bin/bash] entrée
Every Makefile.PL is run by perl in a separate process. Likewise we
run 'make' and 'make install' in processes. If you have any
parameters (e.g. PREFIX, LIB, UNINST or the like) you want to pass
to the calls, please specify them here.
If you don't understand this question, just press ENTER.
Parameters for the 'perl Makefile.PL' command? entrée
Typical frequently used settings:
PREFIX=~/perl non-root users (please see manual for more hints)
Your choice: [] entrée
Parameters for the 'make' command?
Typical frequently used setting:
* j3 dual processor system
Your choice: [] entrée
Parameters for the 'make install' command? entrée
Typical frequently used setting:
UNINST=1 to always uninstall potentially conflicting files
Your choice: [] entrée
Sometimes you may wish to leave the processes run by CPAN alone
without caring about them. As sometimes the Makefile.PL contains
question you're expected to answer, you can set a timer that will
kill a 'perl Makefile.PL' process after the specified time in seconds.
If you set this value to 0, these processes will wait forever. This is
the default and recommended setting.
Timeout for inactivity during Makefile.PL? [0] entrée
If you're accessing the net via proxies, you can specify them in the
CPAN configuration or via environment variables. The variable in
the $CPAN::Config takes precedence.
Your ftp_proxy?
Your http_proxy?
Your no_proxy?
You have no /root/.cpan/sources/MIRRORED.BY
I'm trying to fetch one
LWP not available
Please, install Net::FTP as soon as possible. CPAN.pm installs it for you
if you just type
install Bundle::libnet
Trying with "/usr/bin/lynx -source" to get
ftp://ftp.perl.org/pub/CPAN/MIRRORED.BY[4]
Now we need to know where your favorite CPAN sites are located. Push
a few sites onto the array (just in case the first on the array won't
work). If you are mirroring CPAN to your local workstation, specify a
file: URL.
First, pick a nearby continent and country (you can pick several of
each, separated by spaces, or none if you just want to keep your
existing selections). Then, you will be presented with a list of URLs
of CPAN mirrors in the countries you selected, along with previously
selected URLs. Select some of those URLs, or just keep the old list.
Finally, you will be prompted for any extra URLs file:, ftp:, or
http: that host a CPAN mirror.
(1) Africa
(2) Asia
(3) Central America
(4) Europe
(5) North America
(6) Oceania
(7) South America
Select your continent (or several nearby continents) []4
Sorry! since you don't have any existing picks, you must make a
geographic selection.
(1) Austria
(2) Belgium
(3) Bosnia and Herzegovina
(4) Bulgaria
(5) Croatia
(6) Czech Republic
(7) Denmark
(8) Estonia
(9) Finland
(10) France
(11) Germany
(12) Greece
(13) Hungary
(14) Iceland
(15) Ireland
(16) Italy
16 more items, hit SPACE RETURN to show them
Select your country (or several nearby countries) [] 10
Sorry! since you don't have any existing picks, you must make a
geographic selection.
(1)
ftp://cpan.cict.fr/pub/CPAN/
(2)
ftp://cpan.mirrors.easynet.fr/pub/ftp.cpan.org/
(3)
ftp://ftp.club-internet.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
(4)
ftp://ftp.crihan.fr/mirrors/ftp.cpan.org/
(5)
ftp://ftp.lip6.fr/pub/perl/CPAN/
(6)
ftp://ftp.oleane.net/pub/mirrors/CPAN/
(7)
ftp://ftp.pasteur.fr/pub/computing/CPAN/
(8)
ftp://ftp.u-paris10.fr/perl/CPAN
(9)
ftp://ftp.u-strasbg.fr/CPAN
(10)
ftp://mir1.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org
(11)
http://www.enstimac.fr/Perl/CPAN
Select as many URLs as you like (by number),
put them on one line, separated by blanks, e.g. '1 4 5' [] 10
Enter another URL or RETURN to quit: []
New set of picks:
ftp://mir1.ovh.net/ftp.cpan.org
commit: wrote /usr/lib/perl5/5.6.0/CPAN/Config.pm
Terminal does not support AddHistory
?.
cpan shell CPAN exploration and modules installation (v1.76)
ReadLine
? support available (try 'install Bundle::CPAN')
cpan>
Maintenant on peut installer les modules. Pour avoir quelque chose qui fonctionne normalement, installez 2 modules : Bundle::CPAN et LWP. Les dépendances vont permettre l'installation de pas mal d'autres modules.